Adaptation of the RRI indicators for the socio-environmental evaluation of Technology Centres in the Valencian Community

[EN] The study of the social integration of science and innovation, as well as the responsibility of the actors in the Science Technology and Innovation system with this integration, is a topic that is increasingly requiring greater prominence. The question is currently being raised as to how the structures or actors in the STI system can be modified and, therefore, how responsable practices can be designed and integrated to induce institutional change. Technology Centres, as agents of the innovation ecosystem, are private, non-profit research organisations that have their own material and human resources necessary to carry out activities aimed at both generating technological knowledge and facilitating its exploitation, either by existing companies or by generating new business initiatives. As agents of the innovation system, their activity must contribute to the socioenvironmental advancement in their territory. In this paper we propose a methodology based on adapted RRI indicators for evaluating the social responsibility of the activities carried out in technology centre. We apply it to the specific case of the Technology Centres in the Valencian Community. The results show different degrees of maturity level for each of the RRI dimensions analysed.[ES] El estudio de la integración social de la ciencia y la innovación, así como la responsabilidad de los actores del sistema de ciencia, tecnología e innovación con esta integración, es un tema que cada vez requiere mayor protagonismo. Actualmente se plantea la cuestión de cómo se pueden modificar las estructuras o los actores del sistema de ciencia, tecnología e innovación y, por tanto, cómo se pueden diseñar e integrar prácticas responsables para inducir el cambio institucional. Los Centros Tecnológicos, como agentes del ecosistema de innovación, son organizaciones de investigación privadas y sin ánimo de lucro que cuentan con los recursos materiales y humanos propios necesarios para llevar a cabo actividades dirigidas tanto a la generación de conocimiento tecnológico como a facilitar su explotación, ya sea por parte de las empresas existentes o generando nuevas iniciativas empresariales. Como agentes del sistema de innovación, su actividad debe contribuir al avance socioambiental en su territorio. En este trabajo proponemos una metodología basada en indicadores de RRI adaptados para evaluar la responsabilidad social de las actividades realizadas en los centros tecnológicos. La aplicamos al caso concreto de los Centros Tecnológicos de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados muestran diferentes grados de nivel de madurez para cada una de las dimensiones de RRI analizadas.García Melón, M. (2022). Adaptación de los indicadores RRI para la evaluación socioambiental de los Centros Tecnológicos de la Comunidad Valenciana. En LIBRO DE ACTAS. Jornadas Hacia una Nueva Cultura Científica. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 96-108. https://doi.org/10.4995/NCC2022.2022.159039610

An ANP approach for the stakeholder analysis in participatory environmental management. The case of Spanish wetland La Albufera

Trabajo presentado al International Symposium of the Analytic Hierarchy Process celebrado en washington (US) del 29 de junio al 2 de julio de 2014.The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of the stakeholders in a participatory decision making process. For that, the relationships and influences among stakeholders involved in a specific environmental problem, namely rice straw management in the Natural Park of La Albufera, Valencia (Spain), have been studied using an Analytic Network Process approach. The main question we set is how to measure the influence among stakeholders. This a complex question in a real life problem, due to the difficulty for a stakeholder to answer the direct question: Who do you think exerts more influence on you when you have to solve a problem? In this work, we present a case study assuming that the information exchange is the way to measure the influence among the individuals in the network. We will use these data to solve an easy ANP model. This model is a first approach to prove the utility of ANP to measure the influences among stakeholders in a Social Network.N

Propuesta metodológica de un sistema de benchmarking para un sector industrial basado en el método multicriterio ANP

Trabajo presentado al XVI Congreso Internacional de Ingeniería de Proyectos (AEIPRO), celebrado en Valencia (España) del 11 al 13 de julio de 2012.[EN]: In benchmarking process it is not enough to compare competitors among them, but it is also important to determine which indicators of competitiveness are to be measured and therefore to know to what extent each indicator contributes to the competitiveness of the sector. Therefore, the objective of this research is to provide a methodology that will allow any industry to develop a benchmarking system that includes the identification of appropriate indicators to the business environment, selected by industry experts. This research presents a methodological approach aimed at industry and promotes the implementation of new indicators to measure competitiveness, capability-oriented innovation, organizational learning and entrepreneurship. Consequently, the selection of indicators for measuring system competitiveness is a complex decision process and that is where the multicriteria method ANP (Saaty, 1996) helps to solve the selection problem as a natural way to incorporate experts’ opinion. This methodology should provide a ranking of companies according their competitiveness level.[ES]: En un proceso de Benchmarking ya no es suficiente compararse con los competidores, si no que es importante determinar con qué indicadores de competitividad se van a medir y, en consecuencia, conocer en qué medida contribuye cada indicador a la competitividad del sector. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de esta investigación es proporcionar una metodología que le permita a cualquier sector industrial desarrollar un sistema de Benchmarking que incluya la identificación de los indicadores adecuados a su entorno empresarial, indicadores seleccionados por expertos del sector. La presente investigación expone una propuesta metodológica dirigida a sectores industriales y promueve la aplicación de nuevos indicadores para medir la competitividad, orientados hacia la capacidad de innovación, aprendizaje y conocimiento empresarial y la capacidad emprendedora. En consecuencia, la selección de los indicadores para el sistema de medición de la competitividad es un proceso de decisión complejo y es ahí, donde el método multicriterio ANP (Saaty, 1996) contribuye a resolver el problema de selección, ya que de una forma natural incorpora la opinión de los expertos. Dicha metodología debe dar como resultado una jerarquización de empresas a través de un sistema de medición de la competitividad acorde a los criterios de su entorno empresarial.Peer Reviewe

Modelling decision making in the management of national parks

Trabajo presentado al 14th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process celebrado en Washington (US) del 29 de junio al 2 de julio de 2014.A procedure for determining the influential factors in NP management and supporting participatory decision making is proposed. The procedure was applied to the Waraira Repano national park (WRNP) in Venezuela. Key aspects found for the effective management of WRNP showed to be Driving forces like "Human population growth" or "Patterns of use of natural resources"; Pressures like "Forest fires" and "Illegal human settlements"; States like "Biodiversity composition and abundance" and "Ecosystem and landscape integrity"; Impacts like "Natural resources depletion" or "Altered connectivity"; and Responses like "Stakeholders" participation" or "Environmental surveillance". Finally, key indicators have been proposed to monitor the evolution of these influential factors. Also, the findings confirm that stakeholders hold different interests, approaches to sustainability and sensitivities. After ANP all stakeholders understand better their interests and the others". Thus, an improved participation is obtained and a consensus, or at least general agreements, is more likely. Also a better commitment to the overall objective is achieved as the decision model facilitates improving the alternatives design in order to lessen the possible burdens for specific stakeholders or the environment.The research presented in this paper has been co-funded by the the Universitat Politècnica de València and the Decanato de Investigación y Desarrollo Académico of Universidad Metropolitana in Venezuela.Peer Reviewe

How to assess stakeholders' influence in project management? A proposal based on the Analytic Network Process

[EN] In this paper we present a methodology to measure stakeholders' influences within a project from the point of view of the Project Manager. It is a novel proposal for the definition of "influence" among stakeholders based on a multiperspective approach. The concept of influence is broken down into criteria, evaluating different aspects that together define an index which measures the influence of each stakeholder with respect to the rest of the project team. This index is calculated with the Analytic Network Process. The methodology has been applied to a maintenance project for the Spanish National Railway Infrastructure company. Results show that the most influential stakeholders are the Contractor and the Signaling systems provider accounting for 40% of the total influence. These results have helped the Project Manager to be aware of the two most influential stakeholders and set the guidelines for the stakeholder management in the future.Aragonés-Beltrán, P.; García-Melón, M.; Montesinos-Valera, J. (2017). How to assess stakeholders' influence in project management? A proposal based on the Analytic Network Process. International Journal of Project Management. 35(3):451-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2017.01.001S45146235

Anticipating Environmental Burdens in Research and Innovation Projects. Application to the Case of Active and Healthy Ageing

[EN] In this paper; for research and innovation projects without environmental goals; a procedure is proposed to operationalize the anticipation and reflexivity of environmental concerns in the initial phases. By using the expert knowledge of specialists; we have first conducted a study to identify the general environmental topics relevant in any kind of research and innovation project not addressing the environment. In a second phase; a strategy is proposed to rank order the topics in terms of environmental relevance by means of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. To illustrate it; the case of Information and Communication Technologies for Active and Healthy Ageing is used because of its increasing importance; and because normal environmental targets are not considered. Results show that; in this case; the most relevant topic to be considered is the primary energy consumption by sources; followed by hazardous solid waste and consumption of non-renewable and scarce materials. According to the experts; these should be the main issues to be considered regarding the environmental sustainability of the outputs of such research and innovation projects. In conclusion; this paper contributes to a better understanding of how to promote a wider integration of environmental sustainability in research and innovation when environmental goals are not initially included.This work was funded by Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion under grants [CSO2016-76828-R and BES-2017-081141]; and the Generalitat Valenciana under grant [AICO/2018/270].Monsonís-Payá, I.; Gómez-Navarro, T.; García-Melón, M. (2020). Anticipating Environmental Burdens in Research and Innovation Projects. Application to the Case of Active and Healthy Ageing. International Journal of Environmental research and Public Health (Online). 17(10):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103600S1211710Steffen, W., Grinevald, J., Crutzen, P., & McNeill, J. (2011). 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Developing a framework for responsible innovation. Research Policy, 42(9), 1568-1580. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2013.05.008Mejlgaard, N. (2017). Science’s disparate responsibilities: Patterns across European countries. Public Understanding of Science, 27(3), 262-275. doi:10.1177/0963662517724645RRI Tools RRI Tools: Towards RRI in actionwww.Rri-Tools.EuNordmann, A. (2013). (Im)Plausibility². International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy, 9(2/3/4), 125. doi:10.1504/ijfip.2013.058612Ligardo-Herrera, I., Gómez-Navarro, T., Inigo, E., & Blok, V. (2018). Addressing Climate Change in Responsible Research and Innovation: Recommendations for Its Operationalization. Sustainability, 10(6), 2012. doi:10.3390/su10062012Delvenne, P. (2017). Responsible research and innovation as a travesty of technology assessment? Journal of Responsible Innovation, 4(2), 278-288. doi:10.1080/23299460.2017.1328653Stemerding, D., Betten, W., Rerimassie, V., Robaey, Z., & Kupper, F. (2019). Future making and responsible governance of innovation in synthetic biology. Futures, 109, 213-226. doi:10.1016/j.futures.2018.11.005Bossink, B. (2018). The influence of knowledge flow on sustainable innovation in a project-based industry: From demonstration to limited adoption of eco-innovations. Journal of Cleaner Production, 193, 249-262. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.063De Medeiros, J. F., Ribeiro, J. L. D., & Cortimiglia, M. N. (2014). Success factors for environmentally sustainable product innovation: a systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 65, 76-86. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.08.035Hemphill, T. A. (2016). Responsible innovation in industry: a cautionary note on corporate social responsibility. Journal of Responsible Innovation, 3(1), 81-87. doi:10.1080/23299460.2016.1178896Halme, M., & Korpela, M. (2013). Responsible Innovation Toward Sustainable Development in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: a Resource Perspective. Business Strategy and the Environment, 23(8), 547-566. doi:10.1002/bse.1801Silva, A. W. L. da, Selig, P. M., Lerípio, A. de Á., & Viegas, C. V. (2014). Strategic environmental assessment: one concept, multiple definitions. International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 8(1), 53. doi:10.1504/ijisd.2014.059222Motta, W. H., Issberner, L.-R., & Prado, P. (2018). Life cycle assessment and eco-innovations: What kind of convergence is possible? Journal of Cleaner Production, 187, 1103-1114. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.221Villares, M., Işıldar, A., van der Giesen, C., & Guinée, J. (2017). Does ex ante application enhance the usefulness of LCA? A case study on an emerging technology for metal recovery from e-waste. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 22(10), 1618-1633. doi:10.1007/s11367-017-1270-6Lobos, V., & Partidario, M. (2014). Theory versus practice in Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 48, 34-46. doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2014.04.004Rivard, L., Lehoux, P., & Miller, F. A. (2019). Double burden or single duty to care? Health innovators’ perspectives on environmental considerations in health innovation design. BMJ Innovations, 6(1), 4-9. doi:10.1136/bmjinnov-2019-000348Chatfield, K., Iatridis, K., Stahl, B., & Paspallis, N. (2017). Innovating Responsibly in ICT for Ageing: Drivers, Obstacles and Implementation. Sustainability, 9(6), 971. doi:10.3390/su9060971Liotta, G., Ussai, S., Illario, M., O’Caoimh, R., Cano, A., Holland, C., … Palombi, L. (2018). Frailty as the Future Core Business of Public Health: Report of the Activities of the A3 Action Group of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(12), 2843. doi:10.3390/ijerph15122843Smith, L., Tully, M., Jacob, L., Blackburn, N., Adlakha, D., Caserotti, P., … Koyanagi, A. (2020). The Association Between Sedentary Behavior and Sarcopenia Among Adults Aged ≥65 Years in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1708. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051708Porcelli, A. M., & Martínez, A. N. (2015). La nueva economía del siglo XXI: análisis de los impactos de la informática en el ambiente. Tendencias actuales en tecnologías informáticas verdes, un compromiso con la sustentabilidad. REVISTA QUAESTIO IURIS, 8(4). doi:10.12957/rqi.2015.20953Añón Higón, D., Gholami, R., & Shirazi, F. (2017). ICT and environmental sustainability: A global perspective. Telematics and Informatics, 34(4), 85-95. doi:10.1016/j.tele.2017.01.001Belkhir, L., & Elmeligi, A. (2018). Assessing ICT global emissions footprint: Trends to 2040 & recommendations. Journal of Cleaner Production, 177, 448-463. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.239Lubberink, R., Blok, V., van Ophem, J., & Omta, O. (2017). Lessons for Responsible Innovation in the Business Context: A Systematic Literature Review of Responsible, Social and Sustainable Innovation Practices. Sustainability, 9(5), 721. doi:10.3390/su9050721Hambling, T., Weinstein, P., & Slaney, D. (2011). A Review of Frameworks for Developing Environmental Health Indicators for Climate Change and Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8(7), 2854-2875. doi:10.3390/ijerph8072854García-Melón, M., Pérez-Gladish, B., Gómez-Navarro, T., & Mendez-Rodriguez, P. (2016). Assessing mutual funds’ corporate social responsibility: a multistakeholder-AHP based methodology. Annals of Operations Research, 244(2), 475-503. doi:10.1007/s10479-016-2132-5Gómez-Navarro, T., García-Melón, M., Guijarro, F., & Preuss, M. (2017). Methodology to assess the market value of companies according to their financial and social responsibility aspects: An AHP approach. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 69(10), 1599-1608. doi:10.1057/s41274-017-0222-7Lee, C.-W., & Li, C. (2019). The Process of Constructing a Health Tourism Destination Index. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22), 4579. doi:10.3390/ijerph16224579Zhang, S., Wei, Z., Liu, W., Yao, L., Suo, W., Xing, J., … Wang, J. (2015). Indicators for Environment Health Risk Assessment in the Jiangsu Province of China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(9), 11012-11024. doi:10.3390/ijerph120911012Kazuva, E., Zhang, J., Tong, Z., Si, A., & Na, L. (2018). The DPSIR Model for Environmental Risk Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(8), 1692. doi:10.3390/ijerph15081692Dos Santos, P. H., Neves, S. M., Sant’Anna, D. O., Oliveira, C. H. de, & Carvalho, H. D. (2019). The analytic hierarchy process supporting decision making for sustainable development: An overview of applications. Journal of Cleaner Production, 212, 119-138. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.270Mardani, A., Jusoh, A., MD Nor, K., Khalifah, Z., Zakwan, N., & Valipour, A. (2015). Multiple criteria decision-making techniques and their applications – a review of the literature from 2000 to 2014. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 28(1), 516-571. doi:10.1080/1331677x.2015.1075139Rametsteiner, E., Pülzl, H., Alkan-Olsson, J., & Frederiksen, P. (2011). Sustainability indicator development—Science or political negotiation? Ecological Indicators, 11(1), 61-70. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.06.009Saaty, T. L. (2004). Fundamentals of the analytic network process — Dependence and feedback in decision-making with a single network. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 13(2), 129-157. doi:10.1007/s11518-006-0158-yFerwati, M. S., Al Saeed, M., Shafaghat, A., & Keyvanfar, A. (2019). Qatar Sustainability Assessment System (QSAS)-Neighborhood Development (ND) Assessment Model: Coupling green urban planning and green building design. Journal of Building Engineering, 22, 171-180. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2018.12.006Alizadeh, M., Ngah, I., Hashim, M., Pradhan, B., & Pour, A. (2018). A Hybrid Analytic Network Process and Artificial Neural Network (ANP-ANN) Model for Urban Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment. Remote Sensing, 10(6), 975. doi:10.3390/rs10060975Huang, J.-Y., & Wey, W.-M. (2018). Application of Big Data and Analytic Network Process for the Adaptive Reuse Strategies of School Land. Social Indicators Research, 142(3), 1075-1102. doi:10.1007/s11205-018-1951-yGrošelj, P., Hodges, D. G., & Zadnik Stirn, L. (2016). Participatory and multi-criteria analysis for forest (ecosystem) management: A case study of Pohorje, Slovenia. Forest Policy and Economics, 71, 80-86. doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2015.05.006Xia, L., & Cheng, W. (2019). Sustainable development strategy of rural built-up landscapes in Northeast China based on ANP approach. Energy Procedia, 157, 844-850. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.250Grošelj, P., & Zadnik Stirn, L. (2015). The environmental management problem of Pohorje, Slovenia: A new group approach within ANP – SWOT framework. Journal of Environmental Management, 161, 106-112. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.038Monsonís-Payá, I., García-Melón, M., & Lozano, J.-F. (2017). Indicators for Responsible Research and Innovation: A Methodological Proposal for Context-Based Weighting. Sustainability, 9(12), 2168. doi:10.3390/su9122168Res-AGorA Project Res-AGorAhttp://res-agora.eu/news/Pansera, M., & Owen, R. (2018). Innovation for de-growth: A case study of counter-hegemonic practices from Kerala, India. Journal of Cleaner Production, 197, 1872-1883. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.19

Indicators for Responsible Research and Innovation: A Methodological Proposal for Context-Based Weighting

[EN] In the last decade, the term Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has rapidly attracted the attention of policy-makers and researchers of Europe, mainly due to its promotion by the European Commission (EC). The concretion of this framework of RRI has been articulated by the EC around six key areas: governance, public engagement, gender equality, science education, open access, and open science and ethics. The indicators to measure these dimensions have been proposed recently. In our opinion the set of indicators available so far has two weaknesses: a lack of context-based indicators and a need for hierarchical ordering. Our aim is to provide tools for policy-and decision-makers that might need to identify the more important indicators in a specific context. In this work, we explored how the multicriteria analysis technique Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) can be used to prioritize indicators for RRI by involving experts in the specific context. The AHP method allowed weighting indicators according to experts in the different areas and producing four different options to select indicators. The method of AHP can be an appropriated instrument to select the most suitable indicators for RRI policies and initiatives.This research work was realized under the project "Propuesta de indicadores para impulsar el diseno de una politica orientada al desarrollo de Investigacion e Innovacion Responsable en Espana" (INPERRI). This project is funded by the Spanish National Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness (reference: CSO2016-76828-R). The funds received under this project covered the cost to publish in open access.Monsonís-Payá, I.; García-Melón, M.; Lozano, JF. (2017). Indicators for Responsible Research and Innovation: A Methodological Proposal for Context-Based Weighting. Sustainability. 9(12):1-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/su912216812991

Assessing the communication quality of CSR reports. A case study on four Spanish food companies

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license.This article belongs to the Section Economic, Business and Management Aspects of Sustainability.Sustainability reports are tools for disseminating information to stakeholders and the public, serving the organizations in the dual purpose of communicating CSR and being accountable. The production of these reports has recently become more prevalent in the food industry, despite the fact this practice has received heavy criticism on two fronts: The quality of the tool for communication, and the extent of accountability. In addition to these criticisms, organizations must overcome the additional challenge of publishing sustainability reports that successfully meet the demands of a multi-stakeholder audience. In light of the importance of this practice, this paper presents a method to assess the communication and accountability characteristics of Spanish food companies' sustainability reports. This method is based on the method Analytic Network Process (ANP) and adopts a multi-stakeholder approach. This research, therefore, provides a reference model for improving sustainability reports, with the aim of successfully meeting their communication objectives and the demands of all stakeholders.This research has been conducted within the research activities of the Master in Corporate Social Responsibility at the Universitat Politècnica de València (http://www.master-rsc.upv.es/).We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).Peer Reviewe

Methodology to assess the market value of companies according to their financial and social responsibility aspects: an AHP approach

[EN] This paper proposes a combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process with Goal Programming for a better valuation of companies. The methodology includes the economic dimension of the company and another based on its social responsibility. A set of relative and absolute economic variables is proposed including concepts like leverage, liquidity or solvency. For the CSR dimension, we present a set of variables extracted from sustainability reports based on the Global Reporting Initiative. This way, the whole methodology relies on publicly available data and can be readily reproduced. We prove the methodology with a complex case study involving the estimation of a German real estate company that wants to foresee its market value. For that, we have analysed four comparable companies plus the target one.Gómez-Navarro, T.; García-Melón, M.; Guijarro, F.; Presuss, M. (2017). Methodology to assess the market value of companies according to their financial and social responsibility aspects: an AHP approach. Journal of the Operational Research Society (Online). 1-12. doi:10.1057/s41274-017-0222-7S11

Using the strategic relative alignment index for the selection of portfolio projects application to a public Venezuelan Power Corporation

In this paper a new approach that uses the alignment of projects with corporate strategic objectives to prioritize project portfolio in an efficient and reliable way is presented. For this purpose, corporate strategic objectives will be used as prioritization criteria to obtain the Relative Alignment Index (RAI) of each project which indicates how close or far each project is from the strategic objectives of the company. The approach presented uses the Analytic Network Process. This technique allows considering the influences among all the elements within the network, that means, the strategic objectives, and specially the projects within a portfolio. The proposed RAI index helps to select the best strategically aligned projects for the organization. The proposed RAI index and its form of evaluation have not previously been considered in the project portfolio literature until now. The research methodology for the development of RAI is based on a combination of a synthesis of the literature across the diverse fields of project management, project alignment, multicriteria decision methods and a parallel analysis of an industrial case study. The use of the proposed RAI index is demonstrated using a rigorous methodology with acceptable complexity which seeks to assist managers of the National Electricity Corporation of Venezuela, recently founded and composed by 13 merging old companies, both public and private, in their yearly resources' assignment on their projects portfolio. The aim being to determine a projects 'ranking based on their degree of alignment to corporate strategy and on the judgments of a group of experts, such as the management board. The new corporation assumed the challenge of setting strategic directions (Mission, Vision, Values, Strategic objectives, Plans, Programs, etc.) common to all merging companies. This approach with multi-stakeholders support allows managers to strategically allocate resources to each project in a consensual way.García-Melón, M.; Poveda Bautista, R.; Del Valle, JL. (2015). Using the strategic relative alignment index for the selection of portfolio projects application to a public Venezuelan Power Corporation. International Journal of Production Economics. 170:54-66. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.08.023S546617